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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク North Water Polynya ： ウィキペディア英語版 North Water Polynya The North Water Polynya (NOW) is a polynya (area of year-round open water surrounded by sea ice) that lies between Greenland and Canada in northern Baffin Bay. The world's largest Arctic polynya at about ,〔Dunbar, M. 1969. The geographical position of the North Water. Arctic, 22: 438-441〕 it creates a warm microclimate that provides a refuge for narwhal, beluga, walrus, and bowhead whales to feed and rest. While thin ice forms in some areas, the polynya is kept open by wind, tides and an ice bridge on its northern edge. Named the “North Water” by 19th century whalers who relied on it for spring passage, this polynya is one of the most biologically productive marine areas in the Arctic Ocean.〔Nutt, D.C. 1969. The North Water of Baffin Bay. Polar Notes, 9: 1-25.〕〔Stirling, I. 1980. (The Biological Importance of Polynyas in the Canadian Arctic ). Arctic 33 (2): 303-315.〕 == Fauna == Polynyas are often compared to oases as their open waters allow for an unusually early spring plankton bloom and an open water wintering area in a frozen world.〔Lewis. E. L. et al.1996. Springtime sensible heat, nutrients and phytoplankton in the Northwater Polynya, Canadian Arctic. Cont. Shelf Res., 16: 1775-1792〕 This provides food for Arctic cod, a species that plays a critical role in supporting the entire ecosystem. Large concentrations of marine mammals, from walrus to seals and polar bears, feed at the ice edge until spring break-up. The same habitat provides vital feeding grounds for millions of seabirds, including an estimated two-thirds of the world population of little auk (dovekie) and thick-billed murres.〔Gaston, A.J. 2002. Results of monitoring Thick-billed Murre populations in the eastern Canadian Arctic 1976-2000. Pp. 13-33. Canadian Wildlife Service, Occ. Paper 106.〕〔Bâcle, J. 2000. (The physical oceanography of waters under the North Water Polynya ). McGill University.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「North Water Polynya」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.